#32 What is the Role of Capacitor in AC and DC Circuit?
What is the Role of Capacitor in AC and DC Circuit?
Role of Capacitor in AC Circuits: In an AC circuit, capacitor reverses its charges as the current alternates and produces a lagging voltage (in other words, capacitor provides leading current in AC circuits and networks)
Role and Performance of Capacitor in DC Circuit
In a DC Circuit, the capacitor once charged with the applied voltage acts as an open switch.
Role and Performance of Capacitor in DC Circuit
In a DC Circuit, the capacitor once charged with the applied voltage acts as an open switch.
Let’s explain in detail, but we will go back to the basics of capacitor first to discuss the matter.
What is Capacitor?
The capacitor is a two terminal electrical device used to store electrical energy in the form of electric field between the two plates. It is also known as a condenser and the SI unit of its capacitance measure is Farad “F”, where Farad is a large unit of capacitance, so they are using microfarads (µF) or nanofarads (nF) nowadays.
How Capacitor Works?
Working and Construction of a capacitor
Whenever voltage is applied across its terminals, (Also known as charging of a capacitor) current start to flow and continue to travel until the voltage across both the negative and positive (Anode and Cathode) plates become equal to the voltage of the source (Applied Voltage). These two plates are separated by a dielectric material (such as mice, paper, glass, etc. which are insulators), which is used to increase the capacitance of the capacitor.
When we connect a charged capacitor across a small load, it starts to supply the voltage (Stored energy) to that load until the capacitor fully discharges.
Capacitor comes in different shapes and their value is measured in farad (F). Capacitors are used in both AC and DC systems (We will discuss it below).
Capacitance (C):
Capacitance is the amount of electric charge moved in the condenser (Capacitor), when one volt power source is attached across its terminal.
Mathematically,
Capacitance Equation:
C=Q/V
Where,
C=Capacitance in Farads (F)
Q=Electrical Charge in Coulombs
V=Voltage in Volts
We will not go in detail because our basic purpose of this discussion is to explain the role and application/uses of capacitors in AC and DC systems. To understand this basic concept, we have to understand the basic types of capacitor related to our topic (as there are many types of capacitor and we will discuss capacitor types latter in another post because it is no
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