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Protection System in Power System This portion of our website covers almost everything related to  protection system in power system  including standard lead and device numbers, mode of connections at terminal strips, color codes in multi-core cables, Dos and Don’ts in execution. It also covers principles of various power system protection relays and schemes including special  power system protection  schemes like differential relays, restricted earth fault protection, directional relays and distance relays etc. The details of transformer protection, generator protection, transmission line protection and protection of capacitor banks are also given. It covers almost everything about  protection of power system . The switchgear testing, instrument transformers like current transformer testing voltage or potential transformer testing and associated protection...

CHOPPER CIRCUIT In power electronics  chopper circuits , unidirectional power semiconductors are used.  If these semiconductor devices are arranged appropriately, a chopper can work in any of the four quadrants. we can classify chopper circuits according to their working in any of these four quadrants  as  type  A, type B, type C, type D and type E. Let us now take a look of these classifications and the characteristics of various classifications. Type A Chopper or First–Quadrant Chopper This type of chopper is shown in the figure. It is known as first-quadrant chopper or type A chopper. When the chopper is on, v 0 =  V S  as a result and the current flows in the direction of the load. But when the chopper is off v 0    is zero but I 0   continues to flow in the same direction through the freewheeling diode FD, thus average value of voltage and current  say V 0   and I 0   will be always ...

8051 Addressing modes Lets begin this article with a simple question.  “What is an addressing mode ? “ . A simple question always has a simple answer too. Addressing mode is a way to address an operand.  Operand means the data we are operating upon (in most cases source data). It can be a direct address of memory, it can be register names, it can be any numerical data etc. I will explain this with a simple data move instruction of 8051. MOV A,#6AH Here the data 6A is the operand, often known as source data. When this instruction is executed, the data 6AH is moved to accumulator A. There are 5 different ways to execute this instruction and hence we say, we have got 5 addressing modes for 8051. They are  1)   Immediate addressing mode   2)   Direct addressing mode  3) Register direct addressing mode   4)   Register indirect addressing mode  5)  Indexed addressing mode . Immediate Addressing Mode Let’s b...

Batteries Configuration. Series or Parallel? Batteries Configuration. These Batteries have Connected in series or parallel? Batteries Configuration. These Batteries have Connected in__________? Clear Your Concept.As we can see that Positive connected to positive terminal and Negative  connected to Negative Terminal. So the batteries configuration in Parallel. How can we connect a load in this configuration, it is shown in the figure below.  Also read more basic Electrical Technology Question and Answers like this: A Bulb is Connected in this strange way with Ammeter as shown in fig. then what will be the current in Amp-Meter? (Clear Your Concept) Clear Your Concept. What will be the Current In ampere-meter in This Basic Circuit.? Ammeter Question: What is the Current in Ampere-meter? Ampere meter is connected in series with load. if there is also a short path, then what will be the current in Amp-Meter? If yo...

Bulb connected in strange way? will it glow? What is the Current ? What is the Current in  the Amp Meter in this strange circuit? Will the Bulb Glow? A Bulb is Connected in this strange way in series with Ammeter as shown in fig below. What will be the current in Amp-Meter? No! This Circuit does not make sense,  so Bulb will not glow and the Current in Ampere – Meter is Zero (0). if we rearrange the circuit in same way, you can see the above circuit becomes like this one (as shown below). in other words, circuit is not completed (No Neutral , Just positive connected to the positive) and their is no current path to flow into it. so bulb will not glow. So don’t confuse with these kind of strange circuits in the quizzes. Its mean, there will be no current flowing through Ampere meter. so the reading of  Ampere meter would be Zero. in other words there is no current flowing in the amp-meter. Also read more basic Electrical Technology Question and...